At a glance
What it is
Headache occurring 15+ days per month for at least 3 months. May be tension-type (mild, pressing), migraine (moderate–severe, pulsating, often one-sided), or medication-overuse related.
Typical signs
Daily or near-daily headache, often in morning, occasionally with nausea or light sensitivity, often accompanied by neck stiffness or jaw clenching.
How we treat it
First: identify and discontinue medication overuse. Preventive medication (beta-blockers, calcium-channel blockers, anticonvulsants). Botulinum toxin for chronic migraine. Interventional procedures (nerve blocks, occipital nerve stimulation) if medical therapy fails.
What chronic headache is
Chronic daily headache is defined as headache occurring ≥15 days per month for ≥3 months. It includes chronic tension-type headache, chronic migraine, and new daily persistent headache. In many patients, medication overuse (analgesics, triptans, opioids) perpetuates the headache cycle.
What we see in clinic
4%
Of the global population suffers chronic daily headache
1–2%
Have medication-overuse headache (MOH) as the underlying cause
50–60%
Improve with migraine prevention therapy alone
Key facts
How it is treated
Identify and eliminate triggers and medication overuse. Escalate preventive therapy. Interventional options for refractory cases.
Medication discontinuation
Overuse-related headache
- Gradual tapering or abrupt cessation depending on drug
- Expect 4–10 weeks of worsening (rebound) before improvement
- Inpatient detoxification for severe cases
Preventive medication
First-line for all chronic headache
- Beta-blockers (propranolol, timolol)
- Calcium-channel blockers (verapamil, diltiazem)
- Anticonvulsants (topiramate, valproate)
- Tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline)
Botulinum toxin
Chronic migraine (≥4 migraine days per month)
- Fixed-dose injections into frontalis, temporalis, occipitalis, neck and shoulder musculature
- Effect develops over 2 weeks, lasts ~12 weeks
- Repeat injections every 12 weeks
Interventional procedures
Refractory chronic migraine or tension-type
- Occipital nerve block or stimulation
- Greater occipital nerve blocks with steroid
- Sphenopalatine ganglion blocks for cluster-like or hemicrania continua patterns
Related reading
Neck pain
Neck pain from strain, disc wear or facet joint arthritis. Most flare-ups settle in weeks; chronic pain may need physiotherapy, medication or procedures.
Fibromyalgia and myofascial pain
Widespread muscle pain that routine scans don't explain. Most of it comes from muscle and fascia, and is treatable once the source is found.
Book a consultation
The secretary schedules first appointments during clinic hours; please have prior imaging, operative notes and a current medication list available at the time of the call.
This page provides general information about chronic and daily headache and is not a substitute for individual medical assessment. If your symptoms are severe or worsening, contact a clinician promptly.